René Descartes (1596-1650) / Gary Hatfield
Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) / A.P. Martinich
Benedict de Spinoza (1632-77) / Don Garrett
Nicolas Malebranche (1638-1715) / Steven Nadler
G.W. Leibniz (1646-1716) / Donald Rutherford
John Locke (1632-1704) / Martha Brandt Bolton
George Berkeley (1685-1753) / George Pappas
David Hume (1711-76) / David Fate Norton
Thomas Reid (1710-96) / Ernest Sosa and James Van Cleve
Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-88) / N.J.H. Dent
Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) / Patricia Kitcher
Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) / Ross Harrison
G.W.F. Hegel (1770-1831) / Stephen Houlgate
Søren Kierkegaard (1813-55) / C. Stephen Evans
Arthur Schopenhauer (1788-1860) / Christopher Janaway
John Stuart Mill (1806-73) / Wendy Donner and Richard Fumerton
Karl Marx (1818-83) / Terrell Carver
Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900) / Richard Schacht.
